Attitudes and Practices Regarding Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Can Tho, Vietnam

Context: Although traditional, complementary, and alternative medicine (TCAM) is widely utilized in Vietnam, limited data are available regarding its usage and public attitudes in Can Tho. Aims: To identify factors associated with the practice and attitudes toward TCAM among the adult population in Can Tho, Vietnam. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at seven public healthcare facilities in Can Tho City. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire distributed to 1400 patients, of which 1075 valid responses were analyzed. Binary logistic regression and principal component analysis were employed to identify predictors of TCAM use and to evaluate underlying dimensions of participants’ attitudes. Results: Among participants, 77.4% reported current use of practitioner-recommended TCAM, while 46.7% reported self-administered use. Urban residency and marital status were significantly associated with both types of TCAM use (p<0.001). Principal component analysis revealed two attitudinal dimensions: perceived benefits and concerns regarding TCAM. Older age, cohabitation with relatives, and practitioner-recommended use were significantly associated with higher benefit scores (p<0.05). Female gender and younger age were associated with greater concern scores (p<0.05). Conclusions: High levels of TCAM use and predominantly favorable attitudes were observed among adults in Can Tho. Findings may assist healthcare providers in identifying target groups for evidence-based education and safer integration of traditional medicine practices.